The Crash of American Airlines free essay sample

A good example involving with human error is the crash of the American Airlines flight 587. On 12 November 2001, at approximately 9:17 a. m. ocal time, American Airlines flight 587 crashed into the Belle Harbor area of Queens, New York, several minutes after taking off from JFK International Airport. The plane was on a scheduled flight to Santo Domingo, Dominican Republic. All nine crew members and 251 passengers on the aircraft were killed, including five infants. Five people on the ground were also killed. Let examine the summary of events that the NTSB determined led to the crash in order to identify the probable causes. â€Å"The A300-600, took off just minutes after the Japan Airlines Boeing 747 on the same runway, flew into the larger jets wake, an area of very turbulent air.The first officer attempted to keep the plane upright with aggressive rudder inputs. The strength of the air flowing against the moving rudder stressed the aircrafts vertical stabilizer and eventually snapped it off entirely, causing the aircraft to lose control and crash. We will write a custom essay sample on The Crash of American Airlines or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page The National Transportation Safety Board concluded that the enormous stress on the rudder was due to the first officers unnecessary and excessive rudder inputs, and not the wake caused by the earlier Japan Airlines 747 that had crossed that area. Airbus charges that the crash was mostly Americans fault, because the airline did not train its pilots properly about the characteristics of the rudder. Aircraft tail fins are designed to withstand full rudder deflection in one direction at maneuvering speed. They are not usually designed to withstand an abrupt shift in rudder from one direction to the other. Most American pilots believed that the tail fin could withstand any rudder movement at maneuvering speed. The NTSB indicated that American Airlines Advanced Aircraft Maneuvering Program tended to exaggerate the effects of wake turbulence on large aircraft.Therefore, pilots were being trained to react more aggressively than was necessary. † (Mysterious Crash) Since the investigation by the National Transportation Safety Board, American Airlines has modified its pilot training program. Training methods have been reviewed and changed as a result of the accident. Despite rapid gains in technology, humans are ultimately responsible for ensuring the success and safety of the aviation industry. They must continue to be knowledgeable, flexible, dedicated, and efficient while exercising good judgment.

How to Write a Good Ap US History DBQ Form B Sample Essay

How to Write a Good Ap US History DBQ Form B Sample EssayThe Ap US History DBQ Form B Sample Essay is a way to help students master the benefits of the AP US History Exam in terms of marks and also to show how to write a well-structured essay. It is also a great exercise to use to plan your AP US History exam so that you are prepared for all of the elements of the AP US History Exam.The main things to remember when writing a good AP US History essay is to make sure that it is strong and has some sort of structure to it. This can be achieved by using a good essay handbook or an idea of how you plan to use the wordings that you have used in the essay.The first thing that you need to do in order to find out what is to be done is to look at the AP US History Database. You will need to find out where the different sections of the exam are and then check that students who sat in those exams have placed their tests in the appropriate places. Once you have this information, you can use the l inks on the tables in the database to find out which section each student sits in and which essay prompts the students to answer.One of the best places to look for a detailed AP US History study guide is the textbook itself as this can tell you what to use and when. A good AP US History study guide should not just give you good tips, but also advice on when and where to use them.After you have found out what you will be using in your AP US History exam, the next thing to do is to write down the right structure for your essay. This can be tricky as different AP US History students will place different structures for their essays, but it can be possible to be able to use the structure to help you figure out what your theme is and where you should place the structure in your essay.When you have figured out the structure, then you need to have a list of the various topics and then write down what you know about the topics from your previous research. Once you have this list, you should find out how your other classmates who did not take the exam included their essay structure, in case you are not sure how you will be placing the structure in your essay.Once you have the structure in place for your essay, you should still look at all of the essay prompts and include some of the topics that you have studied in your essay. The main reason for including this material is to make sure that you incorporate the sections of the AP US History Exam in your essay and help you become prepared for all of the elements of the AP US History Exam.

Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essays

Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essays Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essay Reflective Anti Oppressive Practice Social Work Essay Essay Forming, Storming, Norming and Performing. Tuckman s ( 1965 ) attack as a additive theoretical account was using to the group. The criterions and norms of behavior are set uping. Forming identified to work with group service users together. However non everyone does non desire to prosecute From ramping to norming phases, working with client P is recoded by making cardinal Sessionss hebdomadal Client P have to do the pick to conform with, she is awareness breach her contract. Asking unfastened and closed inquiries are the key to construct a good resonance with the service user. The PCS modal identifies the degrees of subjugation ; Personal Cultural Structural The PCS Model Personal Beliefs, attitudes and behavior How people regard or treat others Cultural Accepted values and codifications of behavior Consensus Structure Structural and establishments within society which act to perpetuate societal divisions, bias and favoritism Personal ( P ) degree Individual actions that I come into contact with, for illustration service user. Cultural ( C ) Degree This analysis is related to the shared values or commonalties . For illustration, shared beliefs about what is right and incorrect, good or bad, can organize a consensus. Structural ( S ) Degree This analysis demonstrates how subjugation is sewn into the cloth of society through establishments that support both cultural norms and personal beliefs. Some establishments such as subdivisions of the media, faith and the authorities can cement the beliefs. Case survey: homeless pregnant immature individual Phosphorus: Young individual 18 old ages old sharing at her friend s place. She is 3 hebdomad pregnant ; her fellow has left her and both reasoning all the clip. There is no support from place as her female parent is on benefits and populating off her. There is statement with her new fellow for support. Degree centigrades: being homeless within the community she is sharing her ideas and feelings with different groups. Second: Network of divisions, societal services, wellness, local authorization Practitioners will back up with acquisition tools that transform to dispute subjugation. Thompson, ( 2006 ) have identified the barriers in associating to ethical pattern to place organize group- based attacks to anti-discriminatory pattern to work together on issues of inequality, favoritism and subjugation ( Thompson, 2006 ) . Challenging pattern with immature people engages them into ways at utilizing wider policy aims ia individual centred base. Service users will openly discourse and debate issues within a safe environment amongst their equals and concentrate on constructing one s assurance and reassurance within a group, every bit good as keeping the scholar s concentration. These rules are about being worthy of attending regardless what they can make and who they are as follows Respects and advance immature people s rights to do their determination or picks, unless the public assistance of them as earnestly threatened. Promote the public assistance and safety while allowing them to larn through activities. Contributes towards the publicity of societal justnesss for immature people and encourages them to esteem differences, diverseness and disputing favoritism. Act with a profession unity ( Banks, 2001 ) When measuring immature people it is necessary to take into consideration that there are no right or incorrect replies. By utilizing unfastened inquiries, this allow service user to prosecute with the practician to spread out on their sentiments and experiences.. Decision Using the PCS theoretical account, I recognised the marks within groups to work together and back up each other on their strengths and failing. Thompson, ( 1994 ) identified the barriers in associating to ethical pattern to place organize group- based attacks to anti-discriminatory pattern is to work together on issues of inequality, favoritism and subjugation. Tuckman s theory in the workplace has helped to place leading within a group phase development. I identify the phases through tuckmans theory has helped to be non judegment Al with clients as their strengths and failing can be assesss to construct up their regard and assurance for them to rapport a good working relationship.

Learn About Petcoke

Learn About Petcoke Petroleum coke, or petcoke, is a byproduct from the refining of crude oil. It consists mostly of carbon, with variable amounts of sulfurs and heavy metals. It has many industrial uses, including the production of batteries, steel, and aluminum. Lower-grade petcoke, which contains higher concentrations of sulfur, is used as fuel in coal-fired power plants and cement kilns. Lower-grade coal is estimated to represent 75% to 80% of all petcoke produced. The production of petcoke in North America has increased in recent years due to the refining of crude oil originating from Canada’s tar sands region. If all the recoverable bitumen (the â€Å"proven reserves†) from tar sands was removed and refined, several billion tons of petcoke could be produced. When operating at capacity, large U.S. refineries can produce 4,000 to over 7,000 tons of petcoke per day. In 2012 the United States exported 184 million barrels (33 million metric tons) of petcoke, predominantly to China. A lot of petcoke is also produced in Canada, in close proximity to the tar sands, where bitumen is upgraded into synthetic crude oil or syncrude.  Ã‚   A Troublesome Source of Atmospheric Carbon Dioxide Bitumen’s high density, or what gives it that semi-solid consistency, is explained by the fact that it contains more carbon than conventional oil. Refining crude oil from tar sands involves the reduction of the number of carbon atoms per hydrocarbon molecule. These discarded carbon atoms eventually form petcoke. Since large volumes of tar sand crude oil are currently refined, large amounts of low-grade petcoke are produced and sold as an inexpensive fuel for coal plants. This burning of petcoke is where tar sand bitumen releases extra carbon dioxide, compared to conventional oil. Petcoke produces more CO2 per pound than almost any other energy source, making it a contributor to greenhouse gases and thus a driver of global climate change. Not Just a Carbon Problem Refining sulfur-rich tar sand bitumen concentrates the sulfur content in the petcoke. Compared to coal, petcoke combustion requires the use of additional pollution controls to capture much of that sulfur. In addition, heavy metals are also concentrated into the petcoke. There are concerned with the release of these metals into the air when petcoke is used as a fuel in a coal power plant. These same concentrated heavy metals can enter the environment at storage sites where large piles of petcoke are staged, uncovered. The epicenter of complaints stemming from petcoke storage seems to be in the Chicago, Illinois, area. Large piles of petcoke, each made of thousands of tons of the dusty material, sit along the Calumet River and come from an oil refinery in nearby Whiting, Indiana. These storage sites are in close proximity to residential areas in Chicago’s Southeast side, where residents complain about dust from the petcoke piles blowing into their neighborhoods.   Indirect Effects: Keeping Coal-Fired Plants Open The recent boom in natural gas production has been a challenge for coal-fired power stations. Many have been closed or converted to natural gas power generators. However, petcoke can be used concurrently with coal in many power plants, a practice known as co-firing. Some technical challenges associated with co-firing exist (from petcoke’s high sulfur content, for example), but the very low price of petcoke could be an important factor to keep coal plants open in an economically competitive energy environment. New life could be breathed into slated-to-close coal power plants, with for a net result elevated CO2 emissions. Sources Chicago Sun-Times. Accessed 11 February 2014. Rahm Emanuel to Propose Ordinance Prohibiting New Petcoke Facilities.OilChange International. Accessed 11 February 2014. Petroleum Coke: The Coal Hiding in the Tar Sands.Oxbow Carbon. Accessed 11 February 2014. Petroleum Coke.Pavone, Anthony. Accessed 11 February 2014. Converting Petroleum Coke to Electricity.US Energy Information Administration. Accessed 11 February 2014. U.S. Exports of Petroleum Coke.US Energy Information Administration. Accessed 11 February 2014. Voluntary Reporting of Greenhouse Gases Program.

In what way is Capacity (supply) Constrained Assignment

In what way is Capacity (supply) Constrained - Assignment Example This may be due to the capacity (supply) constraint. Capacity constraint can be described as the limiting factor towards achieving the overall organizational objectives. Capacity constraints in cases of travel and tour agencies can be understood from various perspectives, which include but not limited to geographic, legal, political, financial, technology, and communication barriers (Kenny & Fyfe 2005, P. 136). HANATOUR is facing more than the above-mentioned capacity constraints considering that it is yet to take advantage of global presence. In other words, HANA TOUR is not in position to serve all its customers especially potential clients owing to financial, geographical, technological, political, legal, and human resources limitation. Geographical limitation is evident in the fact that HANATOUR does not enjoy full global presence. HANATOUR is currently operating in approximate 28 countries around the globe. This means that physical limitation, which includes water bodies and geo graphical disparities that calls for massive investment in transportation and establishing offices abroad is a major supply constraint to the company. HANATOUR is not in a position to provide its vital services to the potential customers located in distant areas where the company has not established its branches. Financial limitation is another major capacity constraint affecting HANATOUR. ... Limited human resource personnel is another limiting factor to HANATOUR. The company is expanding gradually and as such, it has not reached a point of employing a large group of personnel to serve additional branches in different location. Now the available personnel is not in a position to serve the ever bulging demand for the tours and travel services. Legal issues form another significant constraint. A number of legislations and regulations govern a number of operations of HANATOUR. This means that non-compliance translates to supply constraint. For instance, the company cannot carryout inbound travel and tour services for a foreign client if the client in question does not have requisite travel documents to South Korea. Communication barrier is at times a limiting factor towards serving the needs of the client. The world is certainly a diversified place with respect to language differences as people for different places speak and understand different languages. HANATOUR may at ti mes find it difficult to serve certain class of clients especially those that are speaking unique languages. Political issues such as riots, political instability, and strikes may at times limit the operations of HANATOUR. This is because tours and travel services highly depend on a calm political environment and as such, any interference on the political environment is no doubt a limiting factor towards achieving organization goal. HANATOUR is yet to adopt various IT systems related to travel and tours services (About company, 2012). Lack of appropriate It system has been a major limiting factor to the company preventing it from meeting the demands of their customers adequately. It is obvious that there exists a

Planetary Defense For Cosmic Collisions Research Paper

Planetary Defense For Cosmic Collisions - Research Paper Example A science fiction plot? Not according to many authors who have presented a similar scenario as historical fact over the years.† In addition, Ellen Tan (1996) proposed a collision or near-collision between the Earth and an asteroid, comet, or planet during the prehistoric time period is one of the reasons given for the untimely disappearance of the fabled Atlantis. The story stating that the collision from an asteroid, comet, or heavenly body is one of the reasons given for the deluge story, in the Genesis section of the Holy Bible. The same collision theory is also given for the Israelites’ exodus from Egypt. Further, David Levy (1994;181) proposes â€Å"Imagine a peaceful, steamy night with mighty Triceratops drinking water from a pond, watching for their enemy Tyrannosaurus Rex. Brighter than the brightest stars, a comet dominates the night. For several weeks now, the comet has brightened as it approached the sun, its long tail making it look like a sword in the sky. By the next afternoon, it is all over. With large thunderclaps and a huge crash, the comet slams into the Earth in what is now the Caribbean basin, just off the coast of the present-day Yucatà ¡n.† The meteorite glowed brightly as it invades the Earth’s delicate atmosphere and evaporated. The comet is very huge that it literally plows through bringing the impression that the air is absent to slow down the incoming heavenly objects. As the heavenly object touches the water surface, high walls of water skyrocket from the point of falling object’s zooming impact into the air. Consequently, millions of tons of dust blast skyward in a gigantic cloud. Furthermore, the same author states that materials excavated from the collision site bounce back into the atmosphere in smaller splintered pieces. The smaller pieces are distributed over the entire Earth’s surface. Around the world, the splintered pieces dot the

The Transformation of Ishmael in Snow Falling on Cedars :: Snow Falling Cedars Essays

The Transformation of Ishmael in Snow Falling on Cedars What can be said about a novel of such luminance as Snow Falling on Cedars that has not already been said? Certainly it is a work of much vision and insight and speaks volumes about prejudice and race. The wordplay of Guterson creates a world of vivid reality-it surrounds the reader with sights, smells and a clearly defined sense of touch. Perhaps lost amidst the smells of the strawberry fields, the cold of the winter storm, and the deep social statements about the nature and quirkiness of prejudice is the fact that this beautifully crafted story of immense complexity is in reality a very simple story about the identity of one man. Guterson himself says, "Post-modernism is dead because it didn't address human needs. The conventional story endures because it does. I'm interested in themes that endure from generation to generation" (qtd. in Kanner). This book is a conventional story, a simple story about the internal battle of Ishmael Chambers as he struggles with himself. This is made evident in the subtle and not too subtle comparisons made between Ishmael and other characters. Taking all of this into account reveals that the true theme of the book centers on the transformation of Ishmael from weak to strong. First, who is Ishmael Chambers? He is the son of a very well-respected and prominent citizen of San Piedro, Arthur Chambers. When Arthur dies, Ishmael takes over the job as the local news reporter. He is introduced into the story as a journalist in the trial of Kabuo Miyamoto and appears to remain aloof, a passive third person eye that would analyze the information impartially. In addition to being a reporter, Ishmael is also a war veteran with a missing limb as a souvenir to boot. The reader gets the feeling that Ishmael plays a small and minor role in the upcoming plot. This, however, is false. As the book gathers momentum, it becomes increasingly clear that Ishmael ties into the fabric of the outcome of the story-from the childhood and young adult romance between Hatsue and him, to the emotional scene where his arm is amputated, to the final climax where he discovers the evidence that can clear Kabuo's name, Ishmael is the crux on which the storyline hinges.